We used powder x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer, and ac susceptibility measurement techniques for characterization. The low-temperature magnetic behavior of CoCr2O4 nanoparticles have been

investigated in more detail. While the bulk CoCr2O4 exhibits two magnetic transitions viz., T-c approximate to 98 K and T-s approximate to 26 K, the nanoparticles here showed a T-c approximate to 84 K and T-s approximate to 25 K. We tentatively attribute this Emricasan Apoptosis inhibitor shift in T-c to finite size effects. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3204659]“
“There are no data in the veterinary literature relating to oxidative stress in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). The study aimed to determine levels of oxidative stress markers,

plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), whole blood glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), in 15 CAD patients and 17 healthy dogs. A correlation between CADESI (Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index) score and MDA was also determined. Significantly higher plasma MDA levels were found ALK signaling pathway in patients than in healthy dogs. The significant, highly positive correlation determined between CADESI score and MDA in the patient group indicates an association between the severity of CAD and the extent of oxidative damage to membrane lipids. There were no significant differences selleck in TAC, GPX and SOD between patients and healthy dogs. Our findings suggest that oxidative stress with increased lipid peroxidation could be involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis in dogs. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“A consistent microscopic approach is developed to simulate the transmittance and Faraday rotation in all-garnet heteroepitaxial

magneto-optical photonic crystals (MOPCs). To compare the experimental and simulation results, [Bi3Fe5O12/Sm3Ga5O12](m) (BIG/SGG) MOPC designed to operate at a telecommunication wavelength lambda(res)=980 nm was chosen. It was composed of [BIG/SGG](5) and [SGG/BIG](5) distributed Bragg reflectors with a microcavity layer of BIG in between. The dispersion relations of the diagonal and off-diagonal elements of the permittivity tensor (epsilon) over cap for BIG in the electric dipole approximation were obtained from the simulation of the transmittance and Faraday rotation for a reference single layer BIG film. Revealed dispersion relations were then combined with the 4 x 4 matrix formalism for magnetic superlattices to compute transmission and Faraday rotation spectra of the MOPC. The results of numerical simulations were found to be in good agreement with the experimental ones. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3195067]“
“The first part of our study (Muller et al.