The aim of this study was to describe the main beta-lactam resistance mechanisms carried by these strains and their distribution at farm-level.
Materials and methods: Twenty-nine E. coli isolates showing reduced susceptibility or resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins were collected from a sampling frame of 80 pig farms distributed over 13 Spanish provinces. The survey was carried out at the slaughterhouse level in 2004.
Results: Of the 29 isolates, 21 (72%) met the criteria for a positive phenotypic confirmatory test for extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). The following selleck products ESBLs were detected: SHV-12 (12 isolates, 41%), CTX-M-1 (three isolates, 10%),
CTX-M-9 (three isolates, 10%), and CTX-M-14 (three isolates, 10%). The remaining eight isolates (28%) AZD5363 supplier were phenotypically non-ESBL, with seven of them (24%) showing mutations on the chromosomal ampC gene promoter at positions -42 (C -> T), -18 (G -> A), -1 (C -> T), and +58 (C -> T). A multiplex PCR for detection of plasmidic class C beta-lactamases was negative for all isolates.
Conclusion: Different ESBLs and other mechanisms linked to extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance are widely distributed among
fecal E. coli from slaughter pigs in Spain. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“SETTING: Various methods are used to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) from broth cultures. The isothermal target and probe LDK378 supplier amplification (iTPA) method has recently been introduced as a simple and cost-effective molecular assay.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the iTPA method.
DESIGN: A total of 175 specimens from the Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) 960 broth culture system were evaluated. The immunochromatographic
test (ICT) and real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) were compared with the iTPA method.
RESULTS: MTC was identified in 71/131 MGIT-positive specimens, including 60 ICT-positive and 11 ICT-negative/PCR-positive specimens. The sensitivity and specificity of the ICT assay were respectively 84.5% (95%CI 74.0-92.0) and 100% (95%CI 94.0-100). These 71 specimens were all MTC-positive with the iTPA method also. Sixty non-tuberculous mycobacteria specimens and 44 MGIT-negative specimens were all MTC-negative with the iTPA method.
CONCLUSION: Our data show that the diagnostic performance of the iTPA method is comparable to that of RQ-PCR. The iTPA method could be a reliable and cost-effective option for the identification of MTC from broth culture.”
“We develop a sheep thoracic spine interbody fusion model to study the suitability of polycaprolactone-based scaffold and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) as a bone graft substitute within the thoracic spine.