Russell also emphasizes the need to teach parents how to deal wit

Russell also emphasizes the need to teach parents how to deal with negative feelings generated by the baby’s crying, stressing the importance of emotional self-regulation of caregivers to prevent cases of AHT.61 Some peculiarities of AHT place it in a special position regarding prevention actions, compared with other forms of maltreatment in children. Trametinib datasheet Firstly, AHT has an evident risk behavior (shaking) and an antecedent stimulus strongly associated with its occurrence (crying), enabling preventive actions to be more objective and targeted.62 Another important feature of this form of maltreatment refers to the empirical evidence of the effectiveness of brief

parent educational programs to prevent AHT.25 and 63 Moreover, given the importance of its consequences, AHT is usually associated with significant economic costs for the

government.62 In a study by Friedman et al. in New Zealand, the total costs during the life of each child victim of AHT is approximately NZ$ 1,008,344.00, equivalent to US$ 796,591.76.64 In contrast, the costs for the implementation of parental education programs range from US$ 4.5063 to US$ 10.0025 per child. The difference between the costs associated with NU7441 ic50 victims of AHT and those associated with prevention makes the economic advantage of implementing primary prevention programs evident. It is also noteworthy that the mentioned surveys do not consider the social and emotional impact for families of children victims of AHT, which will often persist throughout life. The reviewed literature presented eight studies that described prevention programs for AHT.25, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69 and 70 All programs described involved educational actions aimed at parents of newborns before discharge from hospital. This intervention, which is mainly carried out by nurses,25, 60, 65, 66, 67,

68 and 70 was performed by medical residents in only one study.67 The main materials Etomidate used included videos and pamphlets disclosing the risks of shaking a baby, the baby’s pattern of crying in the first months of life, and the strategies that parents can use when they feel angry or frustrated with the crying baby.25, 63, 65, 66, 67, 69 and 70 Other materials include posters,25 and 69 cards,68 and fridge magnets.67 and 70 It is noteworthy that five studies requested the parents to sign a statement of commitment worded “I know that shaking a baby is dangerous and agree to share this knowledge with others.”25, 63, 66 and 70 According to Stewart et al., the use of this term is important, as it establishes a “social contract” between the community and parents, increasing the active participation of caregivers in the prevention of AHT.

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