Results: Immunohistochemical analyses showed that the expression of claudin-4 in RE and BE tissues was increased compared with the NERD. There was a significant

correlation between DeMeester score and the level of the claudin4 expression (r = 0.53, P = 0.04). Bile salt induced claudin-4 and p38 MAPK expression in esophageal squamous cells. SB203580, an antagonist of p38, inhibited expressions of Claudin-4 induced by bile salt in esophageal squamous cells. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that bile salt exposure induce expression of tight junction protein claudin-4 in squamous epithelium in gastroesophageal reflux disease through a mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent mechanism. Key Word(s): 1. GRED; 2. claudin-4; 3. p38; Presenting selleck chemicals Author: WEI ZHU Additional Authors: XIAOMING XIN Corresponding Author: WEI ZHU Affiliations: nanfang

hospital Objective: Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) in duodenum is a rare congenital embryonic residual lesion, and patients always show the symptoms of functional learn more dyspepsia (FD) or chronic gastritis in clinical, so it has a big misdiagnosis rate. In this paper, we analyzed 134 cases of HGM in duodenum to investigate the characteristics ofits diagnosis and treatment. Methods: We performed gastroscopy, endoscopic resection and pathological examinationto patients who have symptoms of FD or chronic gastritis when HGM in duodenum was found. Meanwhile, we also analyzed Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and got symptom score before and after treatment using Glasgow score. Results: In all 4650 patients, 135 patients (2.9%) are diagnosed as HGM

in duodenum. The main symptoms of these patients are epigastric discomfort, acid reflux, bloating and so on. According to the Rome III standard classification, 92 cases (69.2%) can be diagnosed as postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and 43 (31.8%) epigastricpain syndrome (EPS). HGM of the duodenum is mainly located in the duodenal bulb (93.3%) and rare in the descending part (6.7%). The morphology mainly divides into 4 types: the multiple nodular upliftis the most (57%), single polyp or multiple granular uplift (34.1%) are the second, and ulcerative (6.7%) and mess (2.2%) are the least. The last two types are easily oxyclozanide misdiagnosed as peptic ulcer or tumor because of their untypical morphology. It is meaningful to distinguish the atypical HGM using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). The performance under the EUS is hypoechoic mass in the submucosa with anechoic shadow, but this characteristic is easily misdiagnosed as ectopic pancreas. Conclusion: HGM in duodenum is the reason why the symptoms in part of patients with FD or chronic gastritis attack again and again. And it will be helpful to improve the symptoms by resecting the HGM under the endoscopy. Key Word(s): 1. HGM; 2. Duodenum; 3. Functional dyspepsia; 4.