Moreover, prefrontal-amygdala disconnection procedure that combined a selective unilateral 5-HT depletion of mpFC and infusion of an inhibitor of GABA synthesis into the contralateral BLA, thereby to disrupt prefrontal-amygdalar serial connectivity bilaterally, showed that disconnection selectively decreases immobility in the FST. These results point to prefrontal/amygdala connectivity mediated by 5-HT and GABA transmission as a critical neural mechanism in stress-induced LCL161 mouse behavior.”
“Although patients with anorexia nervosa have been suggested to be anhedonic few experiments have directly measured their sensory pleasure for a range of food and non-food stimuli This study aimed

to examine whether restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN-R) patients displayed i) a generalized decline in sensory

pleasure or only in food-related sensory pleasure ii) a modification of hedonic responses to food cues (liking) and of the desire to eat foods (wanting) as a function of their motivational state (hunger vs satiety) and energy density of foods (high vs low) Forty-six female participants (AN-R n = 17 healthy controls (HC) n = 29) reported before/after PF299804 in vivo lunch their pleasure for pictures/odorants representing foods of different energy density and non food objects They also reported their desire to eat the foods evoked by the sensory MYO10 stimuli and completed the Physical Anhedonia Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory AN-R and HC participants did not differ on liking ratings when exposed to low energy-density food or to non food stimuli The two groups also had similar physical anhedonia scores However compared to HC AN-R reported lower liking ratings for high energy food pictures regardless of their motivational state Olfactory pleasure was reduced only during the pre-prandial state in the AN-R group The wanting ratings showed a distinct pattern since AN-R participants reported less desire to eat the foods

representing both low and high energy densities but the effect was restricted to the pre-prandial state Taken together these results reflect more the influence of core symptoms in anorexia nervosa (fear of gaining weight) than an overall inability to experience pleasure (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd All rights reserved”
“Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) virions, like those of all herpesviruses, contain a protein layer termed the tegument localized between the capsid and the envelope. VP22, encoded by the U(L)49 gene, is one of the most abundant tegument proteins in HSV-1 virions. Studies with a U(L)49-null mutant showed that the absence of VP22 resulted in decreased protein synthesis at late times in infection. VP22 is known to form a tripartite complex with VP16 and vhs through direct interactions with VP16.