The resulting

purified cDNA was split to two reaction tub

The resulting

purified cDNA was split to two reaction tubes and a homopolymeric A or G-tail was added to the 3′ end using recombinant terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and dATP or dGTP. A PCR product was amplified from each tailed cDNA using the appropriate anchor primer (oligo dT-AP or oligo dC-AP) and the nested gene specific primer BBB04 5′ RACE R2 2. The PCR products were subjected to electrophoresis and the bands were gel extracted using the QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen). The sequence of the purified PCR products was determined using the BBB04 5′ RACE R2 primer and aligned to the upstream sequence of chbC to determine the transcriptional start site. Promoter analysis was carried out by visual EPZ-6438 chemical structure inspection and comparison selleck of the region upstream of the chbC Salubrinal manufacturer transcriptional start site with previously described RpoD, RpoS and RpoN-dependent promoter sequences in B. burgdorferi. Acknowledgements We thank P. Rosa, M. Norgard and J. Radolf for providing strains and plasmids. This research is based in part upon work conducted using the Rhode Island Genomics and

Sequencing Center, which is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under EPSCoR Grant No. 0554548. This work was supported by NIH grant 5 R01AI03723010 awarded to DRN. References 1. Steere AC, Coburn J, Glickstein L: The emergence of Lyme disease. J Clin Invest 2004,113(8):1093–1101.PubMed 2. Piesman J, Schneider BS, Zeidner NS: Use of quantitative PCR to measure density of Borrelia burgdorferi in the midgut and salivary glands of feeding tick vectors. J Clin Microbiol 2001,39(11):4145–4148.CrossRefPubMed 3. Piesman J, Mather TN, Sinsky RJ, Spielman A: Duration of tick attachment and Borrelia burgdorferi transmission. J Clin Microbiol 1987,25(3):557–558.PubMed 4. Saier MHJ, Paulsen IT: Whole genome analyses of transporters in spirochetes: Borrelia burgdorferi and Treponema pallidum. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2000,2(4):393–399.PubMed

5. Das R, Hegyi H, Gerstein M: Genome analyses of spirochetes: a study of the protein structures, functions and metabolic pathways in Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2000,2(4):387–392.PubMed 6. Barbour AG: Isolation and cultivation of Lyme disease spirochetes. Yale J Biol Med GPX6 1984,57(4):521–525.PubMed 7. Terra WR: The origin and functions of the insect peritrophic membrane and peritrophic gel. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2001,47(2):47–61.CrossRefPubMed 8. Merzendorfer H, Zimoch L: Chitin metabolism in insects: structure, function and regulation of chitin synthases and chitinases. J Exp Biol 2003,206(24):4393–4412.CrossRefPubMed 9. Kelly R: Cultivation of Borrelia hermsi. Science 1971,173(995):443–444.CrossRefPubMed 10. Tilly K, Elias AF, Errett J, Fischer E, Iyer R, Schwartz I, Bono JL, Rosa P: Genetics and regulation of chitobiose utilization in Borrelia burgdorferi. J Bacteriol 2001,183(19):5544–5553.CrossRefPubMed 11.

Comments are closed.