Hoff et al. (2008) suggested in their study of P. chrysogenum that closely related species could be mating types of the same biological species. However, no Cilengitide cell line differences in extrolite patterns and phenotype could be observed in isolates CH5424802 of different mating types of Paecilomyces variotii (Houbraken et al. 2008, Samson et al. 2009). Furthermore, our studies showed that

the two mating types discovered in Aspergillus fumigatus (O’Gorman et al. 2009) and Penicillium chrysogenum (Hoff et al. 2008) produced the same pattern of extrolites and are identical in their phenotype (Houbraken, Samson and Frisvad, unpublished data). In case of P. subericola we have observed differences in both growth patterns and extrolite production and hence the description of a new species is warranted. The cork isolates now classified as P. glabrum species showed a high intraspecific variability. The macro- and micromorphologies, extrolites profiles and results of the sequencing of partial regions of the β-tubulin and calmodulin genes supported that variability. If the results were analyzed separately (e.g. the extrolite profile and β-tubulin sequencing) KU55933 chemical structure probably some of them could indicate the existence of at least two different species. The analysis of more isolates of this species isolated from different sources and from different geographic locations is needed to determine species boundaries in P. glabrum and related species. Penicillium subericola

Baretto, Frisvad & Samson, sp. nov.—Mycobank MB 517383 – Fig. 4. Penicillio glabro simile, sed bene crescenti in agaro creatino et formatione mixtionis chemicae obscurae (sed in P. glabro non producenti) distinguitur. Culture ex type: CBS 125096, ex raw cork, Portugal Colony diameters at 7 days in mm: CYA at 25 º C: 37–44; CYA at 30°C: 16–34; CYA at 37°C: no growth; MEA 35–42; YES 39–46; CREA

14–26, moderate to good growth with moderate to good acid production, base production after prolonged incubation (14 days). Good sporulation on CYA, grey-green, velvety and floccose in centre, non sporulating margins 1–6 mm, few small hyaline exudates droplets present, reverse colour cream to brownish. Colonies on MEA grey-green, good sporulation, floccose some isolates with velvety colonies and/or 4��8C velvety with floccose in the centre, exudate absent, reverse is orange brown. Colonies on YES in various shades of green-grey, none or weak sporulation, mycelium inconspicuous, white margins with 1–2 mm, exudates absent, reverse orange-brown to yellow-brown, strongly sulcated (wrinkled). Conidiophores strictly monoverticillate, stipes vesiculate up to 6 μm, smooth, occasionally short 40 μm, majority longer, width 3.0–4.0, vesicles 4.5–7.0 μm, phialides flask shaped, 10–14 × 2.0–3.0 μm, conidia globose, finely roughened, 3–3.5 μm. Extrolites: asperfuran, deoxybrevianamide E and unidentified compounds which are indols with an extended chromophore similar to penitremone.