Conclusions and key points for parents A diagnosis of Pompe disease can be overwhelming and raise many questions. Genetic counselors are health care professionals specially trained to educate families on the disease’s inheritance patterns and risks, as well as to support them through testing and family-planning decisions. Couples should be aware that the results of prenatal testing cannot Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical predict the age of onset, clinical course, or degree of disability. Parents must be reassured that not all infants identified

as having low GAA activity through newborn screening will have Pompe disease. If the infant will develop Pompe disease, treatment is available which may ameliorate the clinical symptoms of the disorder.
Pompe disease is a rare lysosomal disorder Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of Enzastaurin muscle glycogen metabolism due to alfa-glucosidase (GAA) deficiency. The prevalence of this disease is estimated to be 1:40.000. Since 2006, Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT) became available in Europe and US. So far, there are no officially

approved international guidelines about ERT inclusion criteria of patients but they must have a defined diagnosis of Pompe disease confirmed by a biochemical and molecular genetic examinations (1). So far, ERT has been generally prescribed to patients with motor symptoms (muscle weakness) and/or respiratory involvement. Exclusion criteria encompassed a severe Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical associated illness which would be expected to greatly shorten life expectancy. Alglucosidase (Myozyme) is administered Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical biweekly i.v. as 20 mg/kg. Although the high costs of the drug, in several European countries the patients are fully supported by their Ministries of Health. In fact, in Belgium, National guidelines consider every patient with clinical symptoms of muscle and/or respiratory involvement as a candidate for ERT that, on

the other hand, should not be Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical started in patients showing neither a clinical impact of the disease or with a limited life expectancy. In the Netherlands, the inclusion criteria are the confirmation of diagnosis via enzyme assay and mutation analysis, and patients should have demonstrable muscle weakness and/or pulmonary function < 80%. In UK, specific Unoprostone guidelines, prepared by a multidisciplinary group (2007), included patients with muscle weakness and/or respiratory compromise leading to an impaired quality of life as candidate for treatment. In France, Pompe disease experts recommend to treat symptomatic patients (muscle weakness and/or respiratory involvement – FVC < 80%). In Germany and in Poland there is a generic recommendation to treat symptomatic patients. In addition, in Brazil there is a recommendation to treat symptomatic patients; mild cases have to be progressively followed by respiratory and /or muscular functional tests and/or by muscle MRI before starting ERT.