3%) with depression versus 1 (1.6%) without depression (P<0.0001). At both time points, odds of stigma increased when lifetime history of depression and fair/poor health was present.

Conclusions: Previous work revealed negative effects of prevalent epilepsy on stigma. In the low-income, predominantly Hispanic community of northern Manhattan, we found incident epilepsy was associated with stigma when lifetime history of depression or fair/poor health was present. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“We report the

case of a 30-year-old basketball player with asymptomatic, nocturnal ventricular Dibutyryl-cAMP pauses of >3,000 ms, the longest being similar to 12,000 ms, who was misdiagnosed with Mobitz type II second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block. Conversely, the tracings were characteristic of a vagally mediated AV block, a phenomenon first described by Massie and called apparent Mobitz type II AV block. Although the patient was asymptomatic with ventricular pauses occurring only at night, it was decided to implant a permanent pacemaker to prevent neurological damage or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias resulting

from repeated, abnormally prolonged ventricular pauses. The persistence of AV block after a 3-month detraining period led us to believe that our decision was reasonable. (PACE 2011; 14)”
“Recent concern over human-induced climate warming has activated bioclimatic research projecting the species-response to climate change scenarios. However, climate change is one of a range of human-induced environmental drivers controlling biodiversity, and for many species should be considered together within a framework of relevant see more stresses and threats. This paper critically assesses the sensitivity of epiphyte assemblages to regional gradients in climate, Pollution regime and landscape-scale habitat structure (woodland extent and fragmentation). We examine lichen epiphytes associated with juniper scrub (a conservation priority habitat in Europe), sampled

across a network of protected sites in Britain (Special Areas of Conservation). Results point to significant differences in associated HDAC inhibitor epiphyte diversity between conservation priority sites. Historic woodland structure was identified as of greater importance than present-day woodland structure in controlling species composition and richness, pointing to an extinction debt among lichen epiphytes. Climatic setting was important in controlling species composition, but not species richness. However. we demonstrate that pollution regime exerts the dominant controlling force for epiphyte assemblages across regional gradients. As a corollary, we caution that for many species groups – for example those sensitive to pollutants, or landscape structure – an exclusive focus on climate is restricting, and that climate change models should expand to include a range of multiple interacting factors. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.