05). Rb level in both SC and NSC was close and not significantly different from that in CTL group (P > 0.05) (Figure. 2-F). The expression level of EGFR increased significantly from CTL group towards NSC, SC, NSBT, and SBT (P < 0.05) (Figure. 2-G). Figure 2 The mean percentage of the positively immunostained cells for (A) p53, (B) p16, (C) bcl-2, (D) ki-67, (E) c-myc, (F) Rb, (G) EGFR in bladder tissue sections of SBT, NSBT, SC, NSC, and CTL groups. The clinicopthological features in SBT versus NSBT The clinicopathological criteria in SBT and NSBT groups were compared with each other using chi square test for independence. PF-01367338 supplier It was found that SBT was associated with SCC rather than TCC, high grade tumors

rather than low grade, and invasive tumors rather than non-invasive tumors (P < 0.05). On the other hand, NSBT was associated with TCC rather than SCC, lower grade tumors rather than high grade, and non-invasive rather than invasive tumors (P < 0.05). However, there was no association between SBT or NSBT and disease staging or presentation (P > 0.05) (Table 2). Moreover, there was no association between SBT or NSBT and the growth pattern of tumors (data not shown). Table 2 The clinicopathological criteria in SBT versus NSBT

Criteria (N) SBT (45) N (%) NSBT (39) N (%) P value Histopathology       SCC (52) 43 (82.69) 9 (17.3) < 0.05 TCC (32) 2 (6.25) 30 (3.75)   Tumor grade       High grade (49) 33 (67.34) 16 (32.65) < 0.05 Low grade (35) 12 (34.28) 23 (65.71)   Tumor invasiveness       Invasive (62) 38 (61.29) 24 (38.7) < 0.05 Non-invasive Alvocidib datasheet (22) 7 (31.81) 15 (68.18)   Tumor staging       Late stage (III and IV) (62) 31 (50) 31 (50) > 0.05 Early stage (I and II) (22) 14 (63.63) 8 (36.36)   Presentation       First presentation (61) 32 (52.45) 29 (47.54) > 0.05 Recurrent (23) 13 (56.52) 10 (43.47)   The molecular profile of SBT and NSBT in regard to clinicopathological criteria The mean percentages of the positively stained cells for p53, p16, bcl-2, ki-67, c-myc, Rb, and EGFR proteins were calculated with respect to the clinicopathological criteria of SBT and NSBT. This served to understand the behavior

of the studied tumor suppressor proteins, oncogenes, selleck proliferative and apoptotic markers in relation to histopathology, grade, invasiveness, disease staging, Erlotinib research buy and presentation. Regarding SBT, p53, bcl-2, and EGFR were found higher and Rb lower in SCC than in TCC (P < 0.05) (Figure. 3-A). p53, bcl-2, p16, and c-myc were higher in high grade tumors than low grade (P < 0.05) (Figure. 3-B). Bcl-2, ki-67, c-myc, and EGFR were associated with invasive tumors and the highest association was found in c-myc (P < 0.05) (Figure. 3-C). P16 and Rb were severely lowered in late stages of the disease (III and IV) while c-myc was increased (P < 0.05) (Figure. 3-D). It was also found that Rb and p16 were lowered in the recurrent presentation while c-myc was higher in the first presentation (P < 0.05) (Figure.