“
“Objective: To test in a laboratory setting the hypothesis that the most problematic daily outcomes should be particular to individuals displaying higher cortisol reactivity and deficits in executive functioning as assessed in a task-switching paradigm. Methods: Thirty-eight volunteers completed a comprehensive assessment protocol. Individual

differences in cortisol reactivity S63845 order were quantified in an initial laboratory session involving a social stress speech task. Subsequently, individual differences in task-switching costs in a cognitive paradigm were assessed in a second session. Participants then reported on four problematic outcomes-error reactivity; worry; core aspects of negative emotionality; and aggression behavior frequency-for 15 consecutive days. Results: Levels of cortisol reactivity

did not predict task-switching costs. Instead, and as hypothesized, individual differences in cortisol reactivity and task-switching costs interacted to predict the problematic daily outcomes. The highest levels of such problematic outcomes were particular to high cortisol reactors also exhibiting greater task-switching costs. Conclusions: The findings support the dual vulnerability model proposed and are discussed from temperamental, health risk, and daily outcome perspectives. These findings indicate that cortisol is a risk factor, particularly when combined with deficiencies in task-switching.”
“Acute PRI-724 myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous disease, characterized by various cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities, many of which may express prognostic value. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small regulatory RNAs. The prognostic value of miRNAs in AML is yet to be determined. Here, we set out to identify miRNAs that are consistent significant prognostic determinants, independent from other known prognostic factors. A discovery cohort

(n = 167) and validation cohort (n 409) of a heterogeneous AML population were used to reliably identify miRNAs with prognostic value. We report miR-212 as an independent prognostic factor, significantly associated with a prolonged overall survival (OS) and also event-free and relapse-free survival in a discovery over cohort (hazard ratio (HR)s = 0.77, P = 0.015 for OS) that was subsequently confirmed in an independent validation cohort of 409 cases (HR = 0.83, P = 0.016). The prognostic significance and the prevalence of high miR-212 did not correlate with specific (cyto) genetic subtypes of AML. High miR-212 expression levels are associated with a gene expression profile that is significantly enriched for genes involved in the immune response. MiR-212 may improve the current prognostic risk stratification of mixed AML including normal karyotype AML and AML with cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities. Leukemia (2013) 27, 100-106; doi:10.1038/leu.2012.