The patients

had been exposed to median cumulative gadopentetate dimeglumine volumes of 35, 40, 85, and 117.5 mL over the 3, 12, and 24 months and up to 11 years preceding the onset of NSF, respectively. Patients who received higher cumulative and total gadopentetate dimeglumine doses had a higher risk of developing NSF than did those who received lower doses (odds ratio = 1.2). Twenty (56%) of 36 patients died, with a median interval of 18 months between NSF symptom onset and see more death.

Conclusion: NSF develops in patients with renal impairment after exposure to gadopentetate dimeglumine in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (C) RSNA, 2009″
“Controlled decrease in carrier concentration (N-d) through postdeposition annealing of ZnO is shown to provide a crossover from Ohmic to rectifying junction behavior. Highly oriented (002) ZnO films with silver contact yield nonlinear I-V characteristics below a carrier concentration of similar to 10(23) m(-3) and linear Ohmic behavior above 10(23) m(-3). The specific differential resistance around zero bias is practically independent of carrier concentration up to 10(23) m(-3) and then decreases with

increase in carrier concentration. These results are in excellent agreement with standard theoretical models of current transport phenomena selleck chemicals in metal-semiconductor contacts. While the differential junction resistance at lower carrier concentrations gradually becomes less governed by carrier concentrations and current transport is dominated by thermionic emission

and diffusion mechanism, it decreases as a function of carrier concentration at higher carrier concentrations. These results show that metal-oxide semiconductor junctions behave precisely like conventional metal-semiconductor junctions. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3447870]“
“P>Distinct lymphocyte populations have been identified that either promote or impede the establishment of chimerism and tolerance through allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Natural killer T (NKT) Etomoxir research buy cells have pleiotropic regulatory properties capable of either augmenting or downmodulating various immune responses. We investigated in this study whether NKT cells affect outcome in mixed chimerism models employing fully mismatched nonmyeloablative BMT with costimulation blockade (CB). The absence of NKT cells had no detectable effect on chimerism or skin graft tolerance after conditioning with 3Gy total body irradiation (TBI), and a limited positive effect with 1Gy TBI. Stimulation of NKT cells with alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-gal) at the time of BMT prevented chimerism and tolerance. Activation of recipient (as opposed to donor) NKT cells was necessary and sufficient for the alpha-gal effect. The detrimental effect of NKT activation was also observed in the absence of T cells after conditioning with in vivo T-cell depletion (TCD).